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IiICP: See Intracranial Pressure. Idiopathic: A condition or disease of unknown cause or etiology. ILA: An osteopathic or manual physical therapy term referring to the Inferior Lateral Angle of the sacrum. Often designated as a reference point in the diagnosis of sacroiliac joint dysfunction. Iliac: Referring to the Ilium. Iliac Crest: The uppermost part of the iliac “wings.” This is the superior border of the ilium easily palpated above the lateral hip. This point is commonly used as a reference point for many physical exam techniques. This is often the site from which bone grafts are harvested. Iliosacral Dysfunction: An osteopathic or manual physical therapy term referring to a dysfunction of the ilium on the sacrum. See Sacroiliac Joint Dysfunction. Iliotibial Band Syndrome: An inflammatory condition of the thick band of tissue (iliotibial band) extending from the hip to the knee down the side of the leg. Patients report a snapping or pain at the lateral hip or knee or both. Ilium: One of the bones of each half of the pelvis, forms a joint with the sacrum. IME: Insurer’s refer to this as an “independent medical examination.” Attorneys representing injured people refer to this as an “insurance medical examination.” An insurer may require the injured person to attend an IME under the provision of the Personal Injury Protection (PIP) Policy or by a defendant after a lawsuit is filed in court. See Civil Rule 35 Examination. In either instance, the insurance company selects the doctor of their choice and pays for the examination. Impairment: An anatomical, physiological, mental or psychological loss or abnormality. Reduced capacity for functioning. This term may be used in describing the reduction in functions of a single muscle or organ that results in reduced capacity for social and family relations, independent living, or enjoyment of life as the result of some event or illness, including pain. Impairment Rating: The degree of permanent impairment assigned to a patient with residual pain and/or loss of function when the patient has reached maximum medical improvement. Impeachment: A technique used during cross-examination to discredit a witness’s testimony. Impeachment can be accomplished in a number of ways: by demonstrating and emphasizing the difference between the witness’s testimony at trial and a prior statement, showing bias, showing erroneous assumptions made by the witness in drawing conclusions, etc. The intent of impeachment is to show the jury that the witness cannot be believed.Impingement: Abnormal compression or encroachment of one anatomical structure on another. Impingement Syndrome: A syndrome in which soft tissue is entrapped or impinged between two hard (bone) tissue structures with resultant inflammation, pain, and dysfunction. Impulse Control: Refers to the person’s ability to withhold inappropriate verbal or motor responses while completing a task. Persons who act or speak without first considering the consequences are viewed as having poor impulse control. Incapacity OR Incompetency: A legal decision made by a judge that a person lacks the ability to take action or make informed choices about their property, health, or living situation. Incontinent: Inability to control bowel and bladder functions. Many people who are incontinent can become continent with training. Indemnify: One party gives another party security for the reimbursement of payments required in case of an anticipated loss. Individualized Education Plan (IEP): A plan a student must have in order to get free special education services from a school. The IEP must include annual goals for the individual and a description of any special services a student needs to participate in school. The plan must be agreed upon by the child’s teacher, parents and professionals who have tested or worked with the child. Inferior: Relative anatomical position a body part or region as being below that of another. Inflammation: The reaction of tissue to injury, characterized by increased blood flow and exuding of fluid from the blood vessel into the tissues. Inflammation may be characterized by swelling, redness, and increased warmth of the tissue. Inflexible: Inability to adjust to changes. Initiative: Refers to the individual’s ability to begin a series of behaviors directed toward a goal. Injunction: An order issued by the court prohibiting a person from or requiring him/her to perform some act. Instability: Excessive motion which is beyond normal physiologic motion. Spinal instability can be a result of traumatic disruption of the ligamentous supporting structures, degenerative disc disease, or fracture. Insured: The person who purchases an insurance policy or is otherwise covered by it. Insurer: The underwriter or insurance company with whom a contract of insurance is made. Interdisciplinary Approach: A method of diagnosis, evaluation, and individual program planning in which two or more specialists, such as medical doctors, psychologists, recreational therapists, social workers, etc., participate as a team, contributing their skills, competencies, insights and perspectives to focus on identifying the developmental needs of the person with a disability and on devising ways to meet those needs. Interrogatories: A discovery device consisting of written questions submitted by one party to another party. Written answers to interrogatories are given under oath. Intersegmental Dysfunction: Disease or mechanical dysfunction of the vertebrae as they function with each other, resulting in symptoms of pain, discomfort or loss of motion. Intersegmental Range of Motion Palpation: A manual spine evaluation method of assessing vertebral position by touch with the spine in a static position or in motion. The relative motion of two vertebrae is measured in several directions. Intervertebral: Between two adjacent vertebrae. Intervertebral Disc: A soft tissue structure in between each vertebrae of the spine. It contains a fibrosis outer ring call the annulus fibrosis and a gelatinous center called the nucleus pulposus. Intracerebral: In the brain tissue. Intracranial Pressure (ICP): Cerebro-spinal fluid (CSF) pressure measured from a needle or bolt introduced into the CSF space surrounding the brain. It reflects the pressure inside of the skull.Inversion: Reversal of the normal relationship of positions between anatomical parts. Intracranial Pressure Monitor: An ICP monitor. A monitoring device to determine the pressure within the brain. It consists of a small tube (catheter) attached to the person at the skull by either a ventriculostomy, subarachnoid bolt, or screw, and is then connected to a transducer, which registers the pressure. |
